The New Orleans school reforms turned much of the con­trol over major deci­sions over to a large num­ber of non-prof­it orga­ni­za­tions, includ­ing char­ter man­age­ment orga­ni­za­tions (CMOs) and many oth­ers. How do CMOs work dif­fer­ent­ly than tra­di­tion­al school dis­tricts, and make dif­fer­ent choic­es? How does the small size of CMOs rel­a­tive to dis­tricts affect those deci­sions? In oth­er words, how do they deal with economies of scale? Also, how do the many sep­a­rate non-prof­its coor­di­nate with each oth­er to solve prob­lems? Is the com­bined sys­tem of non-prof­its able to respond col­lec­tive­ly as prob­lems emerge?